O Level Biology Notes Singapore
Chapter 2: Movement of Substances
Chapter 3: Nutrients
Chapter 4: Enzymes
Chapter 5: Nutrition in Humans
Chapter 6: Nutrition in Plants
Chapter 7: Transport in Humans
Chapter 8: Transport in Plants
Chapter 9: Respiration in Humans
Chapter 10: Excretion in Humans
Chapter 11: Homeostasis
Chapter 12:The Nervous System
Chapter 13: The Human Eye
Chapter 14: Hormones
Chapter 15: Cell Division
Chapter 16: Reproduction in Plants
Chapter 17: Reproduction in Humans
Chapter 18: Heredity
Chapter 19: Molecular Genetics
Chapter 20: Ecology
Chapter 21: Our Impact On The Ecosystem
Chapter 1: Cells
Cell is the most basic unit of life. Each cell consists of living material called protoplasm. The protoplasm is made up of the cell surface membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
The animal cell consists of the protoplasm, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, vacuoles, ribosome, and the Golgi apparatus.
The plant cell consists of the protoplasm, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, cell wall, Golgi apparatus, ribosome, mitochondria, chloroplast,
vacuole.
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